Case Study on Aldi Supermarket Stores in Australia

On Aldi Supermarket Stores in Australia - Case Study Example The mission of this supermarket chain is to provide superior quality products to customers at considerably low prices. In 1990s the company has expanded its operations in Australia through opening few retail stores. Woolworths and Coles have dominated Australian retail market over the years. Aldi has posed a threat for these retail firms by offering wide array of products at low market price. However there are challenges witnessed by Aldi since 60% of grocery market share is owned by Woolworths and Coles. Australians prefer to shop from Aldi but the company would require time to gain competitive advantage in retail sector. In this study, micro and macro environmental factors affecting business operations of Aldi Australia shall be identified, followed by an evaluation on their current marketing strategies. Marketing mix elements would also be redesigned in later part of the study, so as to add value to Aldi’s operations. The first most important micro environment trend is competitors. Strategic advantage could be gained by firms only through positioning their products or services well against that of competitors. Aldi Stores, Australia needs to be proactive by nature rather than reactive. Competitors are an important micro-environmental trend because it decides upon effectiveness of business strategies. For instance, Australian retail industry is dominated by two large players – Woolworths and Coles. Aldi Australia can be successful over longer period of time if the company is able to analyze strategies of its competitors and undertake proactive measures (ALDI, 2015). The competitive trend is a threat for the firm. This is because any innovative strategy designed by competitors can acquire market share of Aldi Stores in Australia. Competitors as a micro trend is important compared to other trends since it cannot be controlled efficiently by the firm. Customers can be considered as the second micro-environmental trend. In case of Aldi Australia,

Industrial Relations vs. Worker Safety and Health

Industrial Relations vs. Worker Safety and Health Industrial Relations vs. Workers Safety and Health aspects A). The Past and The Present Links Between Industrial Relations And Safety And Health Introduction Industrial relations or better still ‘employment relations’ together with safety and health aspects of any organizations are vital elements in the relationship between the employee and the employer. In simple terms, industrial relations refer to the relationship between employees and the employers. It is a multidimensional field which looks into the employment relationship between the employers and the employees as it’s a cutting edge focusing on the ever changing nature, forms and regulations of the employment relationship. The main objective of this paper is to look into the past and links between safety and health practices within an organization and the industrial relations, in addition to the importance for safety and health practitioners (Monappa, 1990). Since time immemorial, all employers have a duty of care to their employees, and in turn the inception of the Occupational health and safety (OHS) concept which became paramount in employments. Moreover, a safe working place between the employees and the employer involves more than the physical environment. Harassment and bullying, discrimination and equal opportunity are as well important topics and relate equally to employee welfare as do, the more obvious physical hazards in the workplace. The main aim of â€Å"Occupational health within an organization is the maintenance and promotion of the highest degree of physical, mental, and social well-being of workers in all occupations within an organization. In addition, it also helps in the prevention of workers leaving work due to health caused cases in their working conditions (Edwards, 2003). Links between industrial relations and safety and health The term industrial reactions have a broad and also narrow outlook. In the past, the term industrial relations were broadly defined in order to include the relationships and interactions between the employees and the employer. From this perspective, industrial relation the aspect of industrial relations entailed all the aspects of employment relationships, such as human resource management, employee relations, and union-management (or labor) relations. Over the time the issues that were once under the umbrella of the ‘industrial relations’. However, the definition of the term has seen changes, becoming more specific and restricted. It is the gradual changes of industrial relations that have seen the connections between ‘its’ and the health and safety measures within an organization continue to exist (Blanpain Baker, 2010). Consequently, industrial relations pertains to the study and practice of combined negotiations, trade unionism, and labor-management relations, while on the other hand human resource management is a disconnect, largely distinct field that deals with non-union employment relationships and the personnel practices and policies of employers. In addition, it also entails the management of differences/conflict between employers, workers, and trade unions whenever it arises. Evidently, the nature of industrial relations is shifting, and the impetus for the same being provided by the changing scenarios. However, the main connection remains as the enhancement of the worker-employer relationship whereby one of the aspects is the provision of health and safety measures to the employees (Venkataramana, 2007). It is evident that, the environment in which employers-employees and trade unions find themselves has changed considerably in the one decade and will go on with changing over the coming times. One of the changes that is noticeable is the ongoing disintegration of workplaces and the shift in the balance from collective to individual models of employment relations. However, the functions of the industrial relations remain as they were’ protecting the employer through the maintenance of a healthy relationship between all the parties involved in employment. The significance of the workplace relations over the time shows the link between the industrial relations and safety and health is there and still remains. Traditionally, employment (or industry) relations, has been associated with the management of either collective or individual conflict in the workplace. In recent years, the focus has opened out to consider the benefits of high performance working on productivity, but also the wider social implications for individuals and their dependents. The workplace provides not only the money that we need to support ourselves and our families, but it can also provide purpose, status, and friendship, allowing people to develop new skills, both technical and social. The ability of line managers to manage employment relations on a day-to-day basis and to get the best from their staff has implications for innovation, productivity, quality and reliability, and ultimately levels of growth at a national level and our ability to compete on the global stage. With so much invested in work by managers and employees individually, employment relations have never been so important (Stellman, 1998). B). Importance for â€Å"Safety and Health† Practitioners to Understand Industrial Relations As seen above, industrial relations are an important aspect in the management of organizations. There is in turn a very strong and positive business case for the safety and health practitioners to understand all the aspects of industrial relations. This would enable all the parties involved to fully understand what is needed for each one of them. In addition, it helps understand the fact that, a happy and healthy employee is a more productive employee. In turn it enables the employer understand the repercussions of disgruntled employees. The very last thing any employer would want is a group of dissatisfied employees who might scrutiny their organization’s administration team as one that is concerned only about profits and not anything for workers well-being because this group will not be very industrious.Clear understanding of industrial relations helps the management to take care of their employees for better return in terms of productivity. Moreover, clear understanding of the industrial relations, helps in placing and maintaining of worker in a work-related setting through the adaptation and understanding of physiological and psychological capabilities of the employees. This can be summarized as the ability to manage the workforce for maximum production within an organization (House builder’s health safety, 2008). In addition, understanding of industrial relations helps the management to understand the fact that, injuries and ill-health that is caused by poor work circumstances can impose significant and repeatedly unrecognized monetary and legal costs to their organizations. Not to state the implication that could be felt if the corporation directors are found to have been negligent for the workers. Word also gets out and a company with a poor health and safety record will be far less appealing in a tender bid than one which is already fully compliant and has a good health and safety record. Even those companies that do not tender for work still need to protect their reputation; hence a good reputation can be maintained, through understanding of Industrial Relations (Wilson et all, 2003). Conclusion Industrial relation has grown to become of the broad aspects within organization management. The employees-employer relation has been enhanced by the understanding of the aspects within the industrial relations. This in turn brought along the issues of safety and health for the employees within any given organization. Through the understanding of public relations, the employer understands the main focus of occupational health, such as: (i) the maintenance and promotion of workers’ health and working capacity; (ii) the improvement of working environment and work to become conducive to safety and health and (iii) development of work organizations and working cultures in a direction which supports health and safety at work and in doing so also promotes a positive social climate and smooth operation and may enhance productivity of the undertakings. References Monappa, A. (1990).Industrial relations. New Delhi: Tata mcGraw-Hill. Edwards, P. (2003).Industrial Relations: Theory and Practice. Oxford: Blackwell Pub. Blanpain, R., Baker, J. (2010).Comparative labour law and industrial relations in industrialized market economies. Alphen aan den Rijn, The Netherlands: Kluwer Law International. Venkataramana, P. (2007).Industrial relations. New Delhi: A.P.H. Pub. Corp. Gross, J. A., Compa, L. A. (2009).Human rights in labor and employment relations: International and domestic perspectives. Champaign, IL: Labor and Employment Relations Association, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. Stellman, J. M. (1998).Enclyclopaedia of occupational health and safety. Geneva: International Labour Office. House builders health safety. (2008). Northampton: Construction Industry Publications. Labour inspection: [general survey of the reports concerning the Labour Inspection Convention, 1947 (NO. 81) : third item on the agenda: information and reports on the application of conventions and recommendations]. (2006). Geneva: Internat. Labour Office. Wilson, L., McCutcheon, D., Buchanan, M., University of Alberta. (2003).Industrial safety and risk management. Edmonton: University of Alberta Press.

Java :: essays papers

Java Java is the substance whose aroma is awakening the Internet community. It is a new programming language developed by Sun Microsystems that has much in common with the beverage that shares its name. It's good, it's hot, and people know it around the world. Java (the programming language) beats the other stuff hands down though, it's free. Many have heard of Java, yet few know what it is, or what it can do. It certainly has the potential to become a part of our everyday lives, existing in our mobile phones, televisions, and Internet browsers. If you are interested in your future read on. Java is still in its infancy stage, yet to fulfil its intended purpose. Designed in 1990 as an embedded language for consumer electronics, it was later discovered to be an ideal interface to the Internet. In 1996, Netscape added Java support to its popular Navigator Web browser. The Web began to stir from its static text coma as excited programmers began to incorporate Java applications, "applets", into their Web pages. An applet is like an application, but it doesn't run stand-alone. An applet must adhere to a set of conventions that allows it to run within a Java-compatible browser. The technology is still evolving, and today, most Java applets are simple animations, or user interactions. The future is brighter, promising full-blown applications over the Internet; imagine using Microsoft Office from your television. For now, though, those who have experienced an applet may be left disappointed. A casual user is unlikely to be impressed with scrolling text, or simple animations, especially if they must pay for them with increased download times. Behind the scenes, unbeknownst to them, truly amazing things are happening. A Java applet begins its life by being "called" by a Web page. To be technologically correct, the applet is embedded in the Web page. The Web browser then downloads the applet and runs it on your machine. If you just missed the amazing part: it runs on your machine. How can a program from an unknown source be trusted to run on your computer without your permission? It can't unless that program was created using a secure language like Java, and then wrapped with a secure viewing browser like Netscape Navigator. The concept of being able to run applications on your system is significant for several reasons. If you want to see a picture, but don't have a picture viewer, you can get both at once.

Getting the Most Out of Advertisement and Promotion

1. What is the case study about, and is it a good idea to test market? The case study â€Å"Getting the Most out of Advertising and Promotion†, is about testing the outcome of an advertisement and promotion. Before advertisements and promotions were not something one would be able collect statistics on television promotions or the effect of advertisement, all was only a matter of faith. Marketing departments might have collected voluminous statistics on television show and coupon redemption, and once they collected that information, they measure everything to compare the costs of marketing with total sales.This procedure did not take care of the most important measurement. What a business owner wants to know, what is most important to them is the incremental sales of the product over and above those that would have happened without the advertisement and promotion. This case study is about the new kind of marketing data. It is data correlated information on actual consumer purc hases. This information is, â€Å"available from universal product code scanners used in supermarkets and drugstores†. (Magid, M. Abraham & Leonard M. Lodish , 1990 p. 2) This information is linked to the information on the kind of television advertising those consumers receive or the frequency and type of promotion events they see. With this source of data, managers began to notice the potential it has to create great opportunities for new marketing productivity. In order for the managers to take advantage of this, they needed to develop new strategic marketing plans. Before all of this was available to marketers, there was no true measurement for advertisement and promotion. Without having a true measurement, â€Å"marketing managers had to rely on many false assumptions†. (Magid, M.Abraham & Leonard M. Lodish, 1990 p. 13) they were assumptions that were unexamined, for example, â€Å"those who believed advertising works also tend to assume that in all cases, more o f it is better than less. † (p. 13) Another assumption was that advertising takes a long time, many months or, sometimes, even years to increase sales. â€Å"A popular rule of thumb is that if increased advertising spending does not generate enough sales to pay for the incremental expense within a year, then a company shouldn’t implement the advertisement†. (p. 13) Advertising is not about just boosting sales, but it serves an important function. . If I were to construct a test market today, how would I go about doing so? Test market is not only a tool to measure the effectiveness in advertisement and promotions but it can also avoid costly mistakes to a marketing manager. Companies are spending thousands if not millions of dollars each year to advertise online, but that is not to say that it is being spent wisely ensure that this money is not being wasted on ineffective advertising programs is to continuously evaluate the effectiveness of the chosen programs and to ensure that these programs are achieving their intended purpose.Evaluating the effectiveness of the chosen programs is not all about money; it also gives market managers the opportunity to analyze the non-tangible effects of the chosen program. For example, if a company chooses to go with a pop-up advertising program, they can evaluate its return on investment by comparing its click-through to the amount of money invested in building it. Related article: Advertisement on Promoting Tourism in IndiaHowever that is not the extend of it; a good evaluation program will be able to analyze the consumer’s reaction to that program, its effects on the company’s image or its effectiveness in comparison to a banner ad program. On a Pamorama online article, it is stated that Facebook, Twitter, YouTube are the best strategic marketing practices. It is said that they are the Big 3 of social media and they are important avenues for building brand engagement and influence. They grow brand awareness, foster brand advocacy, and generate leads and sales.This is also another way to measure effectiveness References Dyer, Pam. (2012, August 5). Facebook, Twitter, YouTube: Strategic Marketing Best Practices. Retrieved October 23, 2012 from, http://bx. businessweek. com/measuring-advertising-effectiveness/view? url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww. pamorama. net%2F2012%2F08%2F05%2Ffacebook-twitter-youtube-strategic-marketing-best-practices%2F Magid, M. Abraham & Leonard M. Lodish. (1990 May-June). Getting the Most Out of Advertising and Promotion. Harvad College, p. 12-18.

Beverly Cleary Author Study Essay

Hi, my name is Beverly Cleary. I am an author of over thirty books for children and adults. I have written many award winning books. I worked as a librarian when I was younger. That’s where I got the idea to write about ordinary kids. I was born in McMinnville Oregon on April 12, 1916. My dad was in the war. When I was a child I was always around books. Soon me and my family moved to Portland. I attended grammar and high school there. I found myself in the low reading circle. When in third grade I was told by the public librarian â€Å"You should write a book.† I kept that in mind. When I was 34 I wrote my first book, Henry Huggins. The way I get the ideas for the books is from my own experiences like my childhood or other kids’ childhood. Maybe I would see an article in the newspaper or a magazine. Sometimes it would just seem to come out of thin air. Once two boys who didn’t know each other asked me to write a book about a child of divorce. That’s how I got Dear Mr. Henshaw, my Newberry winner. One street that most of my characters live on is Klickitat Street which is a real street in Portland. I have won many awards for my books. For example, Dear Mr. Henshaw won the Newberry Medal in 1984. Ramona and Her Father was made a Newberry Honor Book in 1978. Ramona Quimby, Age 8 was made a Newberry Honor Book in 1982. The Newberry award is one of the most prestigious awards given to authors for their contributions to literature for children. In 1984 the U.S. made me a nominee for the Hans Christian Andersen award. Two of my books are Henry Huggins and Ribsy. Some ways they are alike are that they have the same characters – Henry Huggins, Ribsy, Ramona, and Beezes. They both have a both have problems concerning animals and they take place on the same street. Some ways they are different are that they have different problems. In the book Henry Huggins, Henry has lots of small problems with his pets, which are not life and death situations. In the book Ribsy, Ribsy the dog has one big problem. He gets lost and he needs to figure out how to get back to his owner, Henry Huggins. This is a big problem for a dog because he doesn’t want to get hit by a car or get killed or hurt by other animals. My books are about ordinary kids and the things that happen to them. There’s usually a problem or two and the characters find interesting ways to solve them. I like to write about ordinary kids because it’s something kids can relate to and enjoy reading without thinking it’s a hassle. Kids tell me they like my stories. I hope you do too.

Wolf-Packs essays

Wolf-Packs essays Since the conception of the submersible by Jules Verne, to the first use of a submarine in the American Revolution, to the first successful submarine kill by the Confederacy, to today's nuclear SSBNs, the submarine has long been a mysterious but capable component of military strength. A design originally strictly American, early submarines were used to attack blockading ships in attempts to end siege. With obvious military use, the US Navy bought its first 7 subs in 1903 by the design of John P. Holland. Countries like Germany and Britain soon borrowed submarine designs from Holland and contemporary Lake to produce their own submarines. Despite being late starters their expertise and technology in the field far surpassed that of the US design. This fact was obvious with the onset of WWI and the domination of the Triple Entente by the Triple Alliance in the area of undersea combat operations. World War I was the first real sea test of submersibles in open sea conflict for bo th sides. Though ultimately defeated in the war of attrition, Germany had overwhelming sea power for the majority of the war. As a reparation of WWI, the US took six German subs making evident the fact that, "The bridge, hull, periscope, guns, torpedo tubes, machinery and compartment design [of the U-boats] were far superior to ours." (Wheeler 19). It was then, in the years following the First World War, that United States skipper Chester Nimitz and German U-boat commander Karl Dnitz analyzed problems with design and tactics in submarine warfare and improved upon them. During the years of secret rearmament by the Nazi party, Dnitz was put in charge of the U-boat arm of the Kriegsmarine and later achieved rank of Kapitn (Admiral) and was appointed Commander of the German Navy in January of 1943. It was under the command of Dnitz that the Kriegsmarine was successful in starving Britain and her allies of their necessities for so lon...

Provide a critical analysis of the concept of Essays

Provide a critical analysis of the concept of Essays Provide a critical analysis of the concept of Essay Provide a critical analysis of the concept of Essay The construct of hybridity has been widely used with mention to the art of the last three decennaries of the 20th century. How successfully does it place features specific to art of that period? First of all, hybridity is an of import term which permeates about every facet of modern-day civilization, including high art and low art, pop civilization and elect civilization. It is the focal point of a broad assortment of cross-disciplinary idea processes affecting the province of and effects produced by planetary multiculturalism. In fact, â€Å"the current leitmotiv of multicultural discourse is hybridity. To talk today as a multiculturalist is to talk of civilization as open-ended, permeable, and continuously ( rhenium ) produced by cross-cultural brushs ; a border district topos where the lives of people from a multiplicity of backgrounds are invariably crossing and crisscrossing and thereby bring forthing a polyvalent gathering of new cultural meanings.’† ( Duarte, 1997 ) What Duarte refers to here is an even greater phenomology in the manner we construct, procedure, understand, and express significance: postmodernism. Postmodernism refers to the synthesis of many different cultural motions, a hybridity if you will, and medley, of many different cultural and artistic beginnings. Hybridity and postmodernism, as artistic and cultural constructs, are in direct resistance to the thoughts of purification and liberty associated with modernism. The postmodern creative person feels free to pull from many different schools of idea, influences, and techniques, rejecting – either consciously or unconsciously – the impression that art can be objectively and strictly, free of cultural or personal context. While there is much argument within the critical-cultural and assorted artistic communities as to the precise minute where modernism ended and postmodernism began, most bookmans agree that postmodernism’s roots were as a 20Thursdaycentury phenomenon, most specifically, artistically talking were localized in the last three decennaries of the 20Thursdaycentury. This belief, much like postmod ernism itself, is non an randomly or free-standing theory. It exists within the context of and in tandem with the globalisation of civilization and art. As communications engineering connected different civilizations and cross-pollinated them, film overing differentiations in favour of a medley of planetary cultural motions, so went artistic motions. A diverse array of civilizations and artistic motions were free to borrow specific patterns, techniques, and media from one another and blend them freely, emancipating creative persons from the quintessentially modernistic prison of lodging with arbitrary impressions of media- or movement-specific patterns. Scholarly geographic expeditions of postmodernism and cultural hybridity in late 20Thursday-century art are every bit legion as the medley elements of the motions themselves. Art historiographers and cultural bookmans Gil Perry and Paul Wood have compiled a reasonably impressive overview of the period, nevertheless, in theirSubjects in Contemporary Art. Postmodernism, as they explain, found some of its most affecting roots in the alleged ‘anti-form’ motion in the United States, which was the art world’s version of the greater American countercultural motion distributing across the state in the sixtiess, dramatically framed and inspired by the morass struggle in Vietnam. In trend during this epoch were the rejection of absolutist impressions of the domination of Western civilization and social constructions, every bit good as a rejection of the infallibility and built-in goodness of Western authoritiess ; as a direct effect, the music and art of the clip either rej ected the patriarchal and autocratic constructions in the originative communities. To the extent that signifier in art could be construed as a contemplation of these patriarchal and autocratic paradigms, creative persons chose to reject rigidness of signifier and boldly began to research new ways to animate and inform their work. As consciousness of other civilizations and motions grew exponentially thanks to communicating engineerings, emboldened creative persons liberally borrowed from any cultural beginning that inspired them, rejecting, for illustration, the impression that Western signifier was built-in superior to Asiatic or African signifier. An organic extension of the countercultural anti-form motions in art communities was the inspiration to reject the impression that an creative person would, as in the modernist existence, be inherently limited to the confines and usage of a individual medium. Technology once more was the accelerator here ; agencies of arising, entering, reproducing, and pass oning assorted art signifiers proliferated wildly and with them, a assortment of creative persons who combined more than one media within single plants of art. Art genres known as picture, public presentation, and installation art began to proliferate in the 1970s and became widely accepted into the alleged mainstream in the 1980s and 1990s. The music picture, pioneered in the late seventiess and early 1980s, is possibly the most popular illustration, a combination of the art signifiers of music and movie to either compliment one another’s significance or to make a new significance wholly. Previous to the music picture, mu sical creative persons such as England’s Pink Floyd recontextualized and augmented their studio musical recordings with amazing ocular presentations for audiences who came to see them on circuit. Other creative persons added even a 3rd dimension to this impression, uniting unrecorded and recorded music, live and recorded picture footage, and unrecorded public presentations in forepart of an audience, such as American experimental musician/performer Laurie Anderson’s seminal womens rightist plants of the 1980s and 1990s. Another womens rightist who transcended media boundaries was Ana Mendieta, a Cuban whoseSilueta( Silhouette ) series of graphics depicted her bare organic structure integrated either literally or symbolically into a assortment of natural scenes – runing from dirt and clay to corner short pantss and H2O. In making so, she non merely borrowed freely from a assortment of genre traditions, but cultural traditions runing from her ain Cuban roots to Af rican and South American earth-worshiping art signifiers. During the conservative cultural recoil spawned by Margaret Thatcher and Ronald Reagan, homosexual creative persons – peculiarly those enduring with AIDS – found new and frequently lurid agencies of showing themselves through public presentation art affecting their organic structures, or extensions of their organic structures. California-based public presentation creative person Ron Athey, a homosexual agony with AIDS, performed unrecorded phase shows in which he pierced and cut his organic structure while fazing music played, pulling considerable sums of blood out of himself and every bit considerable daze from audiences. Athey and his like inspired other creative persons to make such subgenres as alleged ‘installation’ art, fixed multi-media art signifiers which had their roots in traditional art exhibits but which frequently featured synergistic audiovisual elements and demanded a more active res ponse from the ‘experiencer’ of the art piece. From a cultural point of view, postmodernism and its attendant hybridity was a blessing to diverseness within the artistic. Artists working within a assortment of genres threw off the bonds of Western hegemony, and therefore minority cultural voices – Afro-american, homosexual, feminist, Asiatic, Native American, Australian Aboriginal, merely to call a few – all found powerful voices and even took inspiration from each other. The power of the Internet, for illustration, allowed many creative persons to larn about civilizations, art signifiers, and genres that they had neer heard of, much less attempted to incorporate into their ain work. While on the surface, this phenomenology may look to hold lent itself to cultural imperialism and the colza and loot of autochthonal minority art signifiers and motions – and so, transnational corporations committed crying misdemeanors in this sphere – for the most portion, artists from a Western civilizations were non mer ely able to integrate minority art signifiers into their ain work, but every bit significantly, supply planetary limelight on and exposure to heretofore underexplored or underappreciated civilizations and art signifiers, such as, for illustration, Australian Aboriginal work alluded to above. Specifically, a signifier of art as arcane and unknown as the alone pictures produced by the little Aboriginal Yuendumu community of Northern Australia has been given well-deserved international acknowledgment and acclamation by virtuousness of other creative persons and supporters who helped convey consciousness of Yuendumu work to the larger planetary community via the Internet. The website Australian Aboriginal Artists ( www.aboriginalartprints.com.au ) features a breathless choice of Aboriginal work, including Paddy Sims piece â€Å"Yanjirlpiri – Star† . This piece, while on its surface may look to picture a simple set of geometric forms in a sea of midnight blue, is really a c omplex narrative contemplation on Aboriginal fabulous coupling rites. Interestingly, these fabulous narrations bear some similarity to Greek and Roman myths sing the amative wonts of their Gods, imparting acceptance to the theories, advanced by psychoanalyst Carl Jung and subsequently expounded upon by cultural anthropologist Joseph Campbell, that all human existences portion a corporate unconscious full of cosmopolitan and archetypical symbols, and that all human art, every bit diverse as it may be, explores the same sets of subjects in similar narrations. This is both a proof and a contradiction to the postmodern elements of globalisation and hybridity. Is at that place non a modernist angle to the impression that no affair how unambiguously a assortment of civilizations manifest their art, in intercrossed techniques and media, we as worlds are limited to a finite figure of unconsciously derived narrations? The reply may lie in whether these narrations expand in figure as our planetary small town both psychiatrists and evolves at the same time throug h engineering. In the terminal, ironically, all we may hold to research these inquiries is the really art whose cogency is undermined by the very nature of the inquiries we are compelled to inquire about ourselves. Bibliography Duarte, Eduardo Manuel. â€Å"Self as Post-Colonial Pastiche: Historical Artifact and Multicultural Ideal, † Hofstra University Press, 1997. Gaiger, Jason ( ed. )Models for Modern Art. Yale University Press, 2004. Wood, Paul and Perry, Gill ( ed. )Subjects in Contemporary Art. Yale University Press, 2005. Simms, Paddy. â€Å"Yanjirlpiri – Star† , Painting available from: â€Å" hypertext transfer protocol: //aboriginalartprints.com.au/_aboriginal_art_profile.cfm? CFID=553953 A ; CFTOKEN=83904553

Halloween Word Play You Should Be Frightened...

Halloween Word Play You Should Be Frightened... Halloween always makes me think of my Yale College days and the clever costumes my classmates would devise. My favorite was a couple who dressed as â€Å"Paradise Lost.† They each donned a boxy six-sided die and walked around holding a map. Yes, they were a â€Å"pair of dice, lost.† Over the weekend, at one of the workshops I take at Wright, I overheard a conversation between two women in the ladies room about their plans for the evening. One of them mentioned that she was going to a jack-o-lantern making party; the other lamented that she would probably not be able to attend a family event that night because of other commitments, but that she would try to carve out the time to go. â€Å"Looks like both of you will be carving something!† I observed. Wordplay is a big part of my life. I’m often the person to notice puns when they weren’t intended. Halloween is not required. In a conversation with one of my subcontracting resume writers, we were discussing my preference for keeping the word â€Å"I† out of resumes. Without realizing what he was saying, he blurted, â€Å"I’ll keep an eye out for that!† â€Å"No pun intended,† I responded. (Indeed, I was recommending that he keep an â€Å"I† out!) While any time is a great time for a good pun or wordplay in my book, Halloween provides the perfect opportunity to experiment with visual representation. For instance, what costume would you wear if you were dressing as a â€Å"Cereal Killer†? How about â€Å"Iron Maiden†? A â€Å"French Kiss†? A â€Å"Black-Eyed P†? â€Å"Blessing in Disguise†? Or perhaps you’d like to be a â€Å"Dust Bunny† or a â€Å"Chocolate Moose†? See the Deviled Egg to the right. The possibilities are endless and although some Halloween parties have already happened, perhaps I’ve given you sufficient lead time to devise a creative costume if you’ve been wanting to break out of the standard witch or ghost costume this year. I personally am dressing this year as â€Å"Facing Your Fears.† I will dress in black and most likely carry around a furry black and orange spider. I will carry a rearview mirror on which anyone willing to participate can write one of their fears in orange lipstick. They will then be able to face their fears in the rearview mirror. What will your costume be this Halloween? Do you have ideas of ways to dress for any of the suggestions above? What’s your favorite Halloween pun? Please share! Category:Life and LeadershipBy Brenda BernsteinOctober 28, 2013 3 Comments Kent V says: October 29, 2013 at 7:03 am Oh, those brainy top tier college kids. I remember a woman PhD candidate in chemistry at a Halloween party at my ivy league grad school who had a full sized beach ball tucked into the front of her slacks. She let it slip out occasionally to reveal a ball with a big + sign on it. She described herself as a parent ion- a large atomic fragment missing an electron that is common to some destructive analysis techniques. As a former chemistry major I more or less got it, but anyone else Ya really had to be there in her world. 🙠 I suspect the Essay Expert would agree that context is everything. Log in to Reply The Essay Expert says: October 29, 2013 at 8:03 am Love it! Indeed, context is everything. I will be wearing my facing your fears costume to a conceptual costume Halloween party where it will be appreciated, I hope. Log in to Reply Johanna says: October 29, 2013 at 8:59 am In college, a friend and I carried thin canes, wore sunglasses, sold pencils from a cup, and spoke Italian. We were Venetian Blinds. Log in to Reply

The Confucian Relationship of Parent and Child Essay

The Confucian Relationship of Parent and Child - Essay Example The following part of the text i.e. ‘The wife of Feng Yen’ however depicts the sketch of a highly unorganized and inflexible lady. All the reasons why her husband hats her and now wants to divorce her are mentioned in the text. To summarise, we can say that both the characters sketched in the two parts of the text are poles apart and it's hard to find any similarity between them. In my opinion, the mutual bond of love and caring between a mother and a child is very important for the better development and grooming of the child. As the famous saying goes â€Å"Give me good mothers and I’ll give you good nations†. One thing about the world that would never change is the love in the heart of a mother for his children. This relation is still viable in the world of today. The main responsibilities of a mother as highlighted in the Confucian text include; finding the best nurturing surroundings and atmosphere for her child. This includes the kind of friends he/she interacts with, the school he/she attends, how he/she studies and how much does he/she apply that knowledge to his/her daily life. However, If one’s mother is disoriented as the mother sketched in the second part of the text, it is impossible for her child to become a good human being. Ignorance on the mother’s part leads to a disaster eventually. It not only destroys her life but also the life of her family members. Her children are not likely to value filial relationships. This is the case in Western households, where both the parents and children are ignorant of each other and indulged into activities such as drinking and gambling. Whereas, the Eastern households value these relationships and share strong bonds within families.  Ã‚     

The European Union is often referred to as an international Essay

The European Union is often referred to as an international organisation sui generis (of its own kind). What makes the European - Essay Example Therefore the EU is primarily regarded as a supranational organization since it requires the transfer of some measure of sovereignty to the organs of the EU. Moreover, many decisions made by the EU are enforceable irrespective of member state cooperation and coordination.4 For example, in Cassis de Dijon the European Court of Justice ruled that a member state could not impose qualitative restrictions on goods from another member state.5 Moreover, in Kramer, it was held that where the EC had competence in a policy area, the member state could not act on its own accord.6 Thus the ECJ has ruled against the exercise of state sovereignty in giving force to the idea of a supranational EU. It has also been argued however, that the EU is nothing more than an example of regional integration since much of the political and economic integration networks within the EU, like all other regional organizations, depend on Member States’ voluntary compliance.7 In this paper it is argued, that a lthough the EU may share some similarities with regional and international organizations, it is substantively different and can best be described as a supranational organization and is the only one of its kind. The most important differences between the EU and other international organizations is the concept of shared sovereignty. From its inception, with the implementation of the Treaty of Rome 1957, the founding of the European Economic Community which only constituted 6 states, was an agreement in which each of the states â€Å"agreed to limit, but not totally transfer national sovereignty† in terms of â€Å"economic policy to a set of common institutions†.8 By virtue of the Treaty of Rome 1957, Member States agreed to common economic policies and the removal of trade barriers.9 While this alone would have made the founding arm of the EU similar to the World Trade Organization, the Treaty of Rome went farther requiring the establishment of a European Bank, policies for increasing employment and an amalgamation of transport and agricultural policies.10 In addition, sovereignty was transferred from among the Member States in terms of keeping with the common market principles to a Council of Europe, a Commission and a Court of Justice.11 With more states joining the Community, the Treaty of the European Union 1993 was signed in 1992 and is also known as the Maastricht Treaty which â€Å"absorbed the former† Community.12 The new Treaty (which has been amended to further clarify the functioning of the EU, by the Treaty of Lisbon 2007) went beyond economic union and added a pillar of political and legal union among the Member States.13 The Maastricht Treaty established a European Parliament and a Court of Auditors which expanded on the institutions developed by the Treaty of Rome 1957.14 In addition, the Maastricht Treaty established citizenship of all citizens of Member States.15 This aspect of citizenship not only cedes some measure of sove reignty to the EU, but also sets the EU apart from any other

The European Union is often referred to as an international Essay

The European Union is often referred to as an international organisation sui generis (of its own kind). What makes the European - Essay Example Therefore the EU is primarily regarded as a supranational organization since it requires the transfer of some measure of sovereignty to the organs of the EU. Moreover, many decisions made by the EU are enforceable irrespective of member state cooperation and coordination.4 For example, in Cassis de Dijon the European Court of Justice ruled that a member state could not impose qualitative restrictions on goods from another member state.5 Moreover, in Kramer, it was held that where the EC had competence in a policy area, the member state could not act on its own accord.6 Thus the ECJ has ruled against the exercise of state sovereignty in giving force to the idea of a supranational EU. It has also been argued however, that the EU is nothing more than an example of regional integration since much of the political and economic integration networks within the EU, like all other regional organizations, depend on Member States’ voluntary compliance.7 In this paper it is argued, that a lthough the EU may share some similarities with regional and international organizations, it is substantively different and can best be described as a supranational organization and is the only one of its kind. The most important differences between the EU and other international organizations is the concept of shared sovereignty. From its inception, with the implementation of the Treaty of Rome 1957, the founding of the European Economic Community which only constituted 6 states, was an agreement in which each of the states â€Å"agreed to limit, but not totally transfer national sovereignty† in terms of â€Å"economic policy to a set of common institutions†.8 By virtue of the Treaty of Rome 1957, Member States agreed to common economic policies and the removal of trade barriers.9 While this alone would have made the founding arm of the EU similar to the World Trade Organization, the Treaty of Rome went farther requiring the establishment of a European Bank, policies for increasing employment and an amalgamation of transport and agricultural policies.10 In addition, sovereignty was transferred from among the Member States in terms of keeping with the common market principles to a Council of Europe, a Commission and a Court of Justice.11 With more states joining the Community, the Treaty of the European Union 1993 was signed in 1992 and is also known as the Maastricht Treaty which â€Å"absorbed the former† Community.12 The new Treaty (which has been amended to further clarify the functioning of the EU, by the Treaty of Lisbon 2007) went beyond economic union and added a pillar of political and legal union among the Member States.13 The Maastricht Treaty established a European Parliament and a Court of Auditors which expanded on the institutions developed by the Treaty of Rome 1957.14 In addition, the Maastricht Treaty established citizenship of all citizens of Member States.15 This aspect of citizenship not only cedes some measure of sove reignty to the EU, but also sets the EU apart from any other

The Cannabis (Licensed Premises) Act 2000 (CLIP) (a fictitious act) Essay

The Cannabis (Licensed Premises) Act 2000 (CLIP) (a fictitious act) permits cannabis to be sold lawfully from licensed premises. Anyone wishing to sell cannabis - Essay Example Under the law, you are entitled to a fair assessment of your application and in the event of a denial such denial must be communicated to you replete with the reasons that the Council has for refusing your application. It is rudimentary under public and administrative law that a public agency must apprise a denied applicant the grounds for denying his application for license so that the applicant can prepare himself or herself with the appropriate rejoinders to such grounds for denial in the event that the applicant will elevate and appeal his case to the same board or a higher authority. In addition, flatly refusing you to put your case in person before the council, again without justification, so that you can appeal is in contravention of all known administrative procedural processes. The acts of the Bumbling Council, has in effect, denied you of your basic rights to notice and hearing under the fundamental tenets of due process constitutionally guaranteed by our laws. Existing statutory laws on premises licensing all enshrine these basic principles. The Licensing Act of 2003, for example, which is the current legislation and basis for premises licensing for use on licensable activities like alcohol sale and certain entertainment related businesses provide a mechanism for approving and denying applications. Specifically, Section 23 of Part 3 of the said law mandates the licensing authority to give notice of such denial with reasons, to wit: The CLIP, an older legislation, although silent on the matter is presumed to follow the elementary precepts of due process. In addition, the rationale for giving notice to the applicant of his denial and laying down therewith the grounds and reasons for such denial is founded not only on the basic principle of due process but for practical considerations as well. A denied applicant in premises licensing may seek to subsequently elevate his denied application to the magistrate court which will then

Issues in Learning and Teaching Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Issues in Learning and Teaching - Essay Example Looking at marginalized ideologies of knowledge and learning also creates a deeper understanding of what it means to receive an education. The main concept of recognition of education is one that is formed by perception of what it means to have information and knowledge. In the Western form of knowledge, there is a perception that knowledge comes from a textbook, school system and the ability to move through this system with points or grades. This one method for achieving knowledge in the culture is what determines what an individual does and how they associate with society. Furthermore, it changes the information that one decides to live their life from, as opposed to create their own career or belief system about knowledge. The consciousness that is given from the school system then becomes what forms an individual, their interpretations and the perceptions that they hold for a life time. The result is a sense of understanding and maintaining the environment according to the school system and the conscious beliefs that have formed from the information and knowledge one has received from this particular institution (Davis, Sumara, Kapler, 2007). The concept of perception for education and information becomes complex because of others that have not received the same format for education or which come from a different cultural context. For instance, indigenous cultures that aren’t brought through the system have a perception of the institution as one which limits the way in which one thinks. The natural beliefs that one has who has received a formal education, as opposed to a culture that believes and lives in an alternative way then transforms and changes the approach which one has in relation to information. The basis of this comes from contextuality, which is what shapes the individual’s life, specifically through mental and social beliefs as well as assumptions and desires that are formed from this. The context created with cultural affiliation s, school systems and information is what leads one to believe that something is normal or expected. Outside of this is a transformation that has to occur to create the right approach. This belief then forms the state of nature. For one that has been through a school system is a state of nature that comes from the ideas learned in this format. For one who has experienced the indigenous culture is a different state of nature that forms and creates the necessary perceptions. The importance of this concept is based on the gap which forms between the two cultures in relating to the informational aspects when working with a specific group (Henderson, 2000). There is an important notice in the concept of information and learning that occurs between the systems and cultural differences which occur. When looking at this perspective from a specific viewpoint, one can note that there is the inability to relate to different cultures and not to understand what the other is going through. The pe rsonal experience of going through a school system causes definitions and beliefs to form around an indigenous culture. If there is an unawareness that this is occurring, then it may lead to other problems with how one interacts with

Ladies and gentleman Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Ladies and gentleman - Essay Example From the scripts of Castiglione, a universal person is nature’s goal set for every human being. It is only natural to become a well-rounded person. What this universality does to the person is that he/she form his opinion, makes him judgments and decides from a plethora of theories and ideas and incorporates almost every possible angle of the problem under the discussion. Leonardo Da Vinci was one such person, in fact he is also regarded as the prophet of the renaissance god. For he was a master of many fields of life, and he always preached the interconnectedness of things. (2) Create a â€Å"survey† based on the identified characteristics and â€Å"poll† at least ten people to find out whether or not the characteristics are relevant for a â€Å"gentleman† or â€Å"lady† of today. I agree with the characteristics of ladies and gents explained in the Book of Courtier. For instance, in the book a person of high etiquettes is considered to possess the necessary fashion sense (Raleigh, 1997). I agree with the book as it shows the spirit of a gentleman, men and women don’t have to absolutely have to agree with each and everything. For instance, kissing the hand of the lady was considered gentle back when the book was written, these days if someone does that in a club where everyone is dancing to trance music, it would certainly feel odd. The spirit of renaissance should not be taken in letter only, the spirit is more important than the words. Castiglione gave a general idea of what are proper manners in general back in his time plus the roles vary according to regions and cultures, even throughout Europe, the acceptable manners of a gentleman and a lady vary (Burke, 1995). For instance in the book, Sir Fredrick talks about Persia and how women should be at the court. Lord Gaspar thinks that the rules that apply to men are also applicable to women but Lord Julian disagrees. The nature of

Korea Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Korea - Research Paper Example The UN Assembly implemented a fresh resolution demanded elections in regions reachable by the UN Commission (Cumings, p. 56). The first elections in Korea took place in May 1948. A Communist rule was set up in the North under Kim Il-sung, a Stalinist leader with total authority. During the year 1949, both Russia, as well as the United States pulled their troops out, leaving behind them the respective armed forces of the North, an influential North Korean Soviet-trained territorial army, and in the South, a less significant, feeble Republic of Korea (ROK) defense force. Stalin, concerned about the growth of Soviet Communism, notices enormous opportunities within Asia as well as the Pacific, with the arrival of the initial Soviet nuclear test during the year 1949, he observed that he could almost immediately confront the United States. However, he rejected the North Korean leaders’ tries to form an armed forces coalition with Russia. One more blunder, this time on the part of th e Americans was the declarations by the then Secretary of State, Dean Acthinson that the Korean peninsula was inside the security border of the United States. ... However, the North Korea leader gave Stalin the idea that the warfare would not exceed thirty days. In the meantime, General McArthur (Halberstam, p. 341), in Tokyo watching over the reconstruction of Japan, discounted the information that North Korean may attack. He was busy finalizing his points for the forthcoming Japanese peace accord (Halberstam, p. 341). On the other hand, North Korea failed to inform China of its objective and China was getting ready to attack Taiwan at the time. CIA Intelligence news of an approaching assault went unnoticed (Halberstam, p. 341). The Korean War (1950-1953) started when the North Korean Communist military forces attacked non-Communist South Korea. The United States came to South Korea's help. General Douglas MacArthur, who had been supervising the post World War II occupation of Japan, ordered the US military forces, which now started to refrain the North Koreans at Pusan, at the Southernmost point of Korea. Even though Korea was not tactically crucial to the United States, the political atmosphere at this phase of the Cold War was such that politicians did not like to appear flexible about Communism (Richardson & Maurer, p. 83). Supposedly, the US interfered as component of a law enforcement act, run by a UN (United Nations) international peacekeeping force; in reality, the anti-Communist interests of NATO and US influences the UN. The United Nations, mainly the United States, came to the help of South Korea in preventing the raid. A quick UN counter-offensive drove the North Koreans ahead of the 38th Parallel and nearly to the Yalu River, and the People's Republic of China joined the war on the side of the North. The Chinese initiated a counter-offensive that pressed the United Nations military back behind the 38th

Ladies and gentleman Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Ladies and gentleman - Essay Example From the scripts of Castiglione, a universal person is nature’s goal set for every human being. It is only natural to become a well-rounded person. What this universality does to the person is that he/she form his opinion, makes him judgments and decides from a plethora of theories and ideas and incorporates almost every possible angle of the problem under the discussion. Leonardo Da Vinci was one such person, in fact he is also regarded as the prophet of the renaissance god. For he was a master of many fields of life, and he always preached the interconnectedness of things. (2) Create a â€Å"survey† based on the identified characteristics and â€Å"poll† at least ten people to find out whether or not the characteristics are relevant for a â€Å"gentleman† or â€Å"lady† of today. I agree with the characteristics of ladies and gents explained in the Book of Courtier. For instance, in the book a person of high etiquettes is considered to possess the necessary fashion sense (Raleigh, 1997). I agree with the book as it shows the spirit of a gentleman, men and women don’t have to absolutely have to agree with each and everything. For instance, kissing the hand of the lady was considered gentle back when the book was written, these days if someone does that in a club where everyone is dancing to trance music, it would certainly feel odd. The spirit of renaissance should not be taken in letter only, the spirit is more important than the words. Castiglione gave a general idea of what are proper manners in general back in his time plus the roles vary according to regions and cultures, even throughout Europe, the acceptable manners of a gentleman and a lady vary (Burke, 1995). For instance in the book, Sir Fredrick talks about Persia and how women should be at the court. Lord Gaspar thinks that the rules that apply to men are also applicable to women but Lord Julian disagrees. The nature of

Organizational behavior Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Organizational behavior - Assignment Example In addition, goals provide a path which an organization can follow; this way, the managers can know whether they are on the right track and realize the changes they need to make (Montgomery Schools par. 3). Despite the fact that goals determine where one wants to be, there are various objections that are against this point of view. One of the arguments against this statement is that some goals are not easily achievable. Failure to achieve goals may demoralize a person and lead to stress, especially if one had put a lot of expectations in the goals they had set. In addition, goals may be unpredictable since there are some changes that one may encounter along the way, which minimize the chances of achieving goals. Time constraint is another argument against the role of goals in determining where one wants to be. Some goals are achievable only in the long-run and assuming that they will be achieved within a certain period is not realistic (Bratton et al

Predatory pricing of petrol Essay Example for Free

Predatory pricing of petrol Essay Supermarket price wars are putting Britain’s small petrol stations out of business at the rate of one a day. Sainsbury’s, Tesco, Asda and Morrisons have this year embarked on a war to attract hard-hit consumers and the price of fuel has been central to their campaign. Morrisons is offering loyalty points on its new fuel card while Asda has launched a price comparison app for mobile phones to convince shoppers it has the cheapest fuel. Both Sainsbury’s and Tesco have offered money-off vouchers for petrol customers. The Retail Motor Industry Federation (RMI), a trade association representing the interests of 6 000 small petrol stations, is hoping the OFT inquiry will support its members, who believe that unfair and predatory pricing by the supermarkets and some major oil companies is making it impossible for them to compete. There are now about 8 000 small petrol retailers compared with 21 000 two decades ago and 40 000 in 1966. It predicts that in five years there will be very few independent petrol retailers left. The OFT inquiry comes at a time when the supermarkets have proved particularly effective at building up a huge stake in the petrol market. With the recession dragging on, households are keen to save even one or two pence a litre, particularly those families whose livelihoods depend on the use of a car. Between June 2007 and June 2012 – a period that saw  considerable crude oil price volatility – the price of petrol rose by 38% while diesel rose by 45%. In 2011, supermarkets accounted for 45% of total fuel sales from just 1 316 sites compared with 37.4 % in 2010. The OFT said the fuel market for Britain’s 33 million motorists is worth around  £32 billion a year, and accounts for 5p in every  £1 of household expenditure. But many have also blamed the Government and increases in fuel tax for soaring petrol prices. It takes 60% of the price of every litre of petrol in tax – the highest rate in Europe.

Creationism Essay -- essays research papers fc

In a typical American high school, Mr. Doe, the science teacher begins his discussion on the theory of evolution. John, a student opposes the idea the humans came from apes and evolved. John believes that men came from God and that man was created in 6 days. Jane hears this and argues against John, â€Å"How could anything possibly be created in 6 days? This sort of project would take millions of years!† By using up all 45 minutes of class time discussing creationism and evolution, this is a metaphor to the eternal debate as to the origin of the human species. The question of how man came into existence is one of the great debates of this century. There is not enough evidence to support creationism, yet there is even less to support evolution.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The controversy on the origins of life is still hotly debated to this day. The origins of life can be conceived from the theory of evolution or the theory of creationism. The argument is old earth [evolution] versus young earth [creationism] (Seely 2). An astounding 95% of Americans believe in God or a universal spirit, as compared to the 9% who conclude not to have a religion at all (Sheler 2). People have geared towards a more eclectic background on their â€Å"spiritual journey to meet our own personal need† (Sheler 2). Throughout history, humans have been through a gradual accretion rather than one â€Å"sporadic event† after another (Tattersal 58). It is only in the United States that this debate is such a conflict. Humans have an impulse to look unto a higher being rather than a human leader who has faults similar to their own. The higher being [God] should be one of pure perfection. It is the development or creation of man which is what is so intriguing, it is the mystery of man. As individuals and as a whole, people tend to get uneasy between their â€Å"religious compulses and our [their] unwavering commitment to a secular society† (Sheler 1). As a contradiction within itself, â€Å"we [humans] profess fidelity to traditional morality yet champion individual freedom and resist religious authoritarianism† (Sheler 1). Our own manifestations of how we originated and where we came from, the debate of â€Å"the chicken or the egg† is just blurred by the ambiguities between creationism and evolution. Was it the egg? If so, where did the egg come from? Eggs come from chickens, but then where did the chicken come ... ...act that we come from something and somewhere, it’s just the fact that we are searching for answers. Works Cited â€Å"Creationism.† World Book Encyclopedia. Vol. 4, 1994:1123. â€Å"Evolution.† World Book Encyclopedia. Vol. 6, 1994:436-443. Graham, Charlotte. â€Å"The Eternal Debate.† SIRS. http://sks.sirs.com/cgi-bin/hst- ar†¦&type=ART&sound=no&key=CREATIONISM. 22 Oct. 1994:1-3. Gould, Stephan Jay. â€Å"Nonoverlapping Magistera.† SIRS. http://sks.sirs.com/cgi-bin/hst- ar†¦&type=ART&sound=no&key=CREATIONISM. March 1997:1-8. Marlantes, Liz. â€Å"The evolution of a controversy.† ProQuest. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?TS=†¦&sid=1&1dx=25&Deli=1&RQT=309&Dtp=1 23 Dec. 1999:1-2. Onken, Michael. â€Å"Physics.† Microsoft Explorer. http://www.madsci.org/posts/archives/dec96/835000890.Phr.html. 18 June 1996:1. Sagan, Carl. The Dragons of Eden : Ballantine Books, 1997. Sheler, Jeffrey L. â€Å"Spiritual America.† SIRS. http://sks.sirs.com/cgi-bin/hst- ar†¦&type=ART&sound=no&key=CREATIONISM. 4 April 1994:1-10. Sullivan, Robert. â€Å"2000 Years of Christianity.† Life. December 1999:50-68. Tattersal, Ian. â€Å"Once We Were Not Alone.† Scientific American. Jan. 2000:56-62.

Economics, Winning Bolivias Drug War :: essays research papers

Economics is Winning Bolivia’s Drug War   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  A 1998 article from the New York Times reported that Bolivia was winning its war against drugs as a result of two factors that influence the market for coca, which is used to make cocaine. First, Bolivian soldiers raided a number of coca plantations and destroyed the crops. Second, Colombians began growing more of their own coca and, as a result, now buy less from Bolivia than in the past. I am proposing that the basic principles of supply and demand are what helped to solve the drug problem. The following paragraphs will support my argument.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Figure 1 shows the supply and demand curves before and after the changes occurred in Bolivia. As you can see, after the coca plantations were raided, the supply of cocaine was cut short, thus shifting the supply curve to the left. Also, because Colombians began growing their own coca, demand decreased for the cocaine from Bolivia, shifting the demand curve to the left also. To sum up, supply decreased from S to S1, because of the raids, and demand decreased from D to D1 because Colombians began to grow their own coca and didn’t need to rely as much on Bolivia. The diagram clearly shows that the quantity sold at P* decreased from Q* to Q** due to these two changes.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  According to the article in the New York Times, the Bolivian government hopes these changes in the coca market will motivate coca growers to switch to a substitute crop such as pineapple. This is a possibility if the price of coca falls. If the price of coca falls, supply will also decrease because it won’t be as profitable to farm coca as it was before. The falling price would then trigger farmers to switch to another crop such as pineapple.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The Bolivian government, hoping to eliminate the cocaine problem, indirectly turned to economics for a solution. That solution is a simple tale of cutting supply in a way that leads to a decrease in demand. That decrease came because Colombians couldn’t get the supply they wanted at the price they wanted to pay so they grew their own and helped eliminate coca growth within Bolivia. They can further solve the problem by perhaps raising the price paid for other crops so farmers will switch from growing coca to growing something else for a bigger profit.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Although farms in other South American countries grow acres and acres of coca plants, the raw material from which cocaine is made, today, Columbia is the leading Economics, Winning Bolivias Drug War :: essays research papers Economics is Winning Bolivia’s Drug War   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  A 1998 article from the New York Times reported that Bolivia was winning its war against drugs as a result of two factors that influence the market for coca, which is used to make cocaine. First, Bolivian soldiers raided a number of coca plantations and destroyed the crops. Second, Colombians began growing more of their own coca and, as a result, now buy less from Bolivia than in the past. I am proposing that the basic principles of supply and demand are what helped to solve the drug problem. The following paragraphs will support my argument.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Figure 1 shows the supply and demand curves before and after the changes occurred in Bolivia. As you can see, after the coca plantations were raided, the supply of cocaine was cut short, thus shifting the supply curve to the left. Also, because Colombians began growing their own coca, demand decreased for the cocaine from Bolivia, shifting the demand curve to the left also. To sum up, supply decreased from S to S1, because of the raids, and demand decreased from D to D1 because Colombians began to grow their own coca and didn’t need to rely as much on Bolivia. The diagram clearly shows that the quantity sold at P* decreased from Q* to Q** due to these two changes.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  According to the article in the New York Times, the Bolivian government hopes these changes in the coca market will motivate coca growers to switch to a substitute crop such as pineapple. This is a possibility if the price of coca falls. If the price of coca falls, supply will also decrease because it won’t be as profitable to farm coca as it was before. The falling price would then trigger farmers to switch to another crop such as pineapple.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The Bolivian government, hoping to eliminate the cocaine problem, indirectly turned to economics for a solution. That solution is a simple tale of cutting supply in a way that leads to a decrease in demand. That decrease came because Colombians couldn’t get the supply they wanted at the price they wanted to pay so they grew their own and helped eliminate coca growth within Bolivia. They can further solve the problem by perhaps raising the price paid for other crops so farmers will switch from growing coca to growing something else for a bigger profit.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Although farms in other South American countries grow acres and acres of coca plants, the raw material from which cocaine is made, today, Columbia is the leading

Ender’s Game Theme Essay Essay

Pressure, pain, corruption, and insecurity; imagine dealing with this every moment of your life. In The Ender’s Game by Orson Scott Card, a young boy genius must take on the weight of the world while dealing with these things. Ender, a nine year old boy, is chosen by the government to go to Battle School, where he must learn to fight and improve his army skills. While he’s there, he struggles with his own morality and insecurity, and tries to do what other people want him to do. Even though he is so smart that he beats every single challenge presented to him, he had to learn throughout the course of the novel to be self-reliant and try to figure out the truth about his whole training. Although Ender is a boy genius and master tactician, he is easily manipulated and has a tough time dealing with the pressure of the world. Ender’s clever genius and amazing military skills has made him become one of the most formidable opponents. His ability to use his genius in any situation combined with his great military skills makes him victorious in even some of the most impossible situations, such as when he had to battle against the humongous bugger army on the battle simulator. The bugger army had outnumbered him, â€Å"A thousand to one (696),† and he needed to think up of a plan. So Ender decided to do the unthinkable, to take out the enemy permanently. â€Å"Then he whispered a command and the ships dropped like rocks toward the planet’s surface. They were starships and fighters, completely unequipped to handle the heat of passage through an atmosphere. But Ender never intended them to reach the atmosphere. Almost from the moment they began to drop, they were focusing their Little Doctors on one thing only. The planet itself (701). † Ender, at first felt like he wouldn’t be able to win the battle with so many enemies against him. But he used his clever wit to think of the impossible and use his military skills to take action. He sent the ally ships as close to the enemy planet as possible and then used Little Doctors (Weapons of Mass Destruction) to nuke the whole planet. This decision eliminated the enemy, but it also killed Ender’s ally command fleet. Ender during the novel showed his great military strength and superior thinking to conquer many of his challenges. He was able to stand up and defeat any bullies who wanted to hurt him, and even with a seemingly useless army he was able to train them using new tactics to win every single battle with them. The final simulator test against the buggers was one of the greatest of his genius military wins, but little did he know that it was just a game. Although Ender is genius in many ways and has great military skills, he is still easily manipulated by adults and starts to crumble under the pressure of the world. Ender throughout the novel has very low self – esteem. He just views himself as a tool under other people’s hands. So, when he is given the chance of a two week break, he takes it and has a three month break. He was tired of being pressured to be the best military leader the human world had to offer. He didn’t believe he could keep enduring, and thought he would fail. On his break, the government got so desperate for Ender they sent his sister to go in and help persuade Ender to keep on fighting. â€Å"Ender insisted that his conversation with you should not be bugged. I promised him it wouldn’t be, and to help inspire confidence, the two of you are going out on a raft he built himself (546). † This scene of the book shows how Ender is still a human being, and everyone’s got a cracking point. In able to go on, many of us find it comforting and strengthening when someone says we can do it and inspires us to keep on fighting. Valentine was Ender’s inspiring push to keep him going, but even she was another tool the government used to manipulate Ender. Ender got manipulated a lot in the novel by adults, especially when he was training in the simulator. The adults acted like it was just a game or challenge, and that Ender was just practicing to face the buggers. But when the final test came and Ender won by destroying the whole bugger race, he realized that the adults lied to him, and it was never just a game. Orson Scott Card illustrated how even the strongest and best of us still has a limit and can crack. Ender proved how he was one of the smartest and most brilliant military leaders alive through his training and thought out decisions in Battle and Command School. He was a genius among geniuses, and always thought of something new and effective. But he too, succumbed under the pressure of the world, and needed inspiration and courage to push through. He became too easily manipulated by adults, which led him to a decision he wish he never made. Orson Scott showed how even the best of us, can give in to the dark and evil intentions of man.

Exhibition Learning Essay

Art is controversy. Even with words and visuals, it cannot be explained in its full essence. It can be felt, it can be understood, but it cannot be explained by anyone. It can be explained by the artworks themselves and for each individual, the meaning is different. One of the most common ways to showcase different forms or kinds of art is through exhibitions. An exhibition is a display, a presentation of something for the public. For an artist to have a solo exhibition, or to be included in a major exhibition, it is already an honor. However, in putting up or organizing an exhibition, many things have to be taken into consideration. Exhibitions may focus on one artist, one group, one genre, or one theme and they may include anything from paintings, drawings, sculptures, videos, or interactive pieces. Usually, when exhibitions feature different artists, the works have the same theme or the genre. For example, one exhibition which Chen Quilin participated in centered around the effect on Chinese culture by urban development. Now, there are major reminders on how to put up a good and effective exhibition. One technique is to use only one size for print art, and also putting captions on the artworks. The size is important so that the appearance is consistent and organized. The grouping of the artworks must be according to artist or to theme. Another factor is the use of leaflets, brochures or pamphlets. This is very helpful so the visitors will have something to take home and perhaps use as future references. These may contain facts about the artists, their works, and schedules for exhibitions. The equipment to be used is also a major factor. Every small detail concerning the materials must be well planned out and thought of. Tables, decorations, technical equipment must be organized and placed in the area in such a way that it is not distracting. For example, some use panel boards to mount the photographs. Some exhibitions also prefer to hang paintings on the walls. For sculptures, where to place them is indeed very tricky. The venue must have an artistic feel, and yet, still look organized. The placing of the artworks must be creative, not crowded, and yet in such a way that the audience will be able to see everything in the exhibition and not miss a single artwork. Another tricky part in exhibition is the promotion and the publicity associated with it. The target audience must be decided, as well as how to invite the public to come and view the exhibition. The effect of the publicity is mostly due to an attention-grabbing and effective display, or banner. It is also recommended that the hosts entertain the visitors and encourage them to ask questions and to look at the other pieces. Planning an exhibition is definitely not an easy task. There are more factors to remember, aside from the ones stated previously. The process of planning must not be rushed, or else the quality of the exhibition might suffer. It is important to understand every single detail as to ensure the success of the exhibition. It is also fulfilling to plan exhibitions because of the privilege to show the public the different pieces and interpretations of art that the artists have created. Works Cited Stenning, A. â€Å"How to Put Up the Best Exhibition Display. † 18 August 2008 Articlesbase. 6 May 2010 â€Å"How to set up an exhibition† May 1999 Protetch, M. â€Å"Chen Quilin 2007† 5 April 2007-5 May 2007 One Art World. Your Dictionary.

The Nice Guy

Case Analysis: The Nice Guy Introduction This case study begins with Paul Kennedy on a slow morning commute in Cleveland. During his drive, he’s worried about his wife and family, his boss, his associate, a stranger in a nearby vehicle, and even about the state of the Cleveland Browns. He is also excited about his plans to expand Daner Associates into the European market and his impending promotion to CEO. But when Paul meets with his boss, Larry, that afternoon, he discovers that he has been misreading signals. Larry is actually considering Paul for the number two role in the company and considering promoting another Daner executive, George, into the CEO position. Background Paul has been with Daner Associates for ten years. He believes that he is being groomed for to take over the CEO position when Larry retires. Thus, Paul is understandably shocked when he discovers that Larry thinks of him as the number two guy, and is considering promoting George to CEO instead. Paul thinks that George lacks the polish and experience to be effective in the CEO position. Problem Statement Paul needs to demonstrate to Larry that he has what it takes to be the next CEO: A strong leader with effective communication, people relationship and management skills. Analysis and Issues Paul does not have to become a complete jerk, like George, to get the CEO position. He does, however, need to do a thorough self-assessment to identify his strengths and weaknesses, chose a path that is in his own best interest, then clearly and consistently state his personal and managerial views. Paul has clear advantages over his rival, George, in terms of experience and length of time with the company. His employees like him and trust him to lead them. He possesses most of the elements of an effective CEO, but Larry thinks that Paul is too nice to be effective as CEO. Paul needs to exploit the advantages he has and stop letting his niceness get in the way of his own business success. If Paul wants the top job, he needs to prove that he can be effective in managing his relationships with others, including his relationship with Larry, where he has allowed communications to break down to where he and Larry were on completely different wavelengths on his promotion to CEO. In his interactions with Larry, it seems that Paul has been hearing only what he wants to hear. Paul has apparently misread Larry’s intentions, resulting in misaligned expectations. Paul and Larry have very different leadership styles and attitudes on people management. This disparity in their styles is a core part of their communications issues. Paul’s self-referent criteria have prevented him from effectively listening to what Larry has been telling him about his leadership skills and potential to be promoted to CEO. It seems that George has an advantage over Paul in being able to relate easily to Larry. Larry and George have a similar philosophy on people management, which gives George an advantage on effective communications with Larry. Larry immediately empathizes with George’s perspective, because it is similar to his own. This puts the onus on Paul to get outside of his own frame of reference to examine himself from Larry’s perspective. The nice-guy disorder is having a negative effect on Paul’s ability to make choices. His decision-making ability is impaired when he gives away his power to others, including George and Larry, denying his own goals and desires. When he feels strongly about an issue, as he does in the case of breaking into the biotech industry, he needs to build his case, avoid the analysis paralysis that comes with over-analyzing the data, and present his case with confidence and the good judgment that has come with ten years of experience. It is that type of conviction in his ideas and opinions that will earn respect from both Larry and George. Paul prefers to hold back his opinions rather than speaking his mind in many situations to avoid confrontations. Overly nice guys, like Paul, tend to avoid situations where they disagree with someone or need to confront someone about poor job performance. Paul chooses to remain silent on issues in order to avoid judgment or spare the feelings of others. Paul allows his concern for others to lead him to prioritize their needs over his own work responsibilities and career. He also has a tendency to look the other way when managerial issues arise, as they have with his associate, Lisa. Because he wants to be a nice guy, and he feels bad about Lisa’s personal situation, Paul has been excessively lenient with her and continues to avoid confronting her about the decline in her work performance. Speaking his mind consistently and effectively will be one of the most challenging skills Paul will have to master. Recommendations In order to be an effective leader and CEO, Paul needs to become much more self-aware. Like many â€Å"nice guys,† Paul does not have a high level of self-awareness, which thwarts his ability to reach higher levels of effectiveness. He must become aware of how his choices are holding him back. He needs to develop an honest self-awareness that will enable him to deal constructively with his weaknesses and fully benefit from his strengths. Since Larry has been Paul’s boss for ten years, he probably knows Paul’s strengths and weaknesses better than Paul knows himself. Paul needs to muster up the confidence to ask Larry for his constructive criticism. In this way, Paul will tap into Larry’s insight to help identify and minimize his weaknesses and identify and employ his strengths in order to maximize his effectiveness as a leader. Paul needs to drop his defensive attitude in order to hear and really listen to Larry’s advice, understand it as he never has before, and then take immediate action on that on that advice. Paul needs to start thinking of confrontation as an effective communication tool that will enable him to solve problems as quickly as possible. He must realize that his leniency with Lisa has reached a point where it compromises his ability to deliver on his business commitments. His reticence to speak frankly with her to resolve the work issues is ultimately harming both of them. Paul needs to address the issues in an honest and open conversation with Lisa; otherwise her work may continue to suffer, leaving him with only unpleasant options for dealing with it. Conclusion/Summary Paul has become overly focused on trying to be helpful and nice to others, resulting in an imbalance that has diminished his effectiveness as a leader. When Larry told him that he was not the first choice for CEO, presenting Paul with the evidence that things were not going as he thought, Paul continued to look externally to blame George for the misunderstanding. Paul needs to take a good, hard look inward to grasp an understanding of the connection between his nice-guy behavior and its negative consequences, and then accept that he must alter those behaviors in order to achieve his business success targets. As he becomes aware of his shortcomings, he will be able to find ways to eliminate them through training, mentoring, and by surrounding himself with people who have complementary skills. While identifying and minimizing his weaknesses through self discovery, Paul also needs to identify and emphasize his strengths. He cannot allow his nice-guy, self-sacrificing tendencies to lead him down the path to a job that is not in alignment with his talents and goals. Essentially, Paul needs to find a balance between his natural tendency toward niceness and an appropriate level of assertiveness. References Edelman, R. C. , Hiltabiddle, T. R. , & Manz, C. C. (2008). Nice Guys Can Get the Corner Office: Eight Strategies for Winning in Business Without Being a JERK. New York, NY: Penguin Group (USA) Inc.

Economics Assignment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Economics Assignment - Essay Example Based on the fact that within the market place the root of everything litereally comes down to supply and demand, this is altered by monopolistic practices and therefore society tends to disfavor monopolies as practicing on an unfair basis, and creating barriers of entry to firms wishing to enter the market for profit generation, as well as from the perspective of the consumer, being that the monopoly is unfairly regulating prices, by restricting output and therefore is extracting a price without allowing market forces to determine the correct supply and demand balance of the given commodity. Essentially when dealing with a monopoly consumers are at the mercy of the price determination of that monopoly, which they control via total output restriction and subsequent economic welfare reduction. The monopoly comes about when there is little or no competition, normally the latter. The monopoly will always persist based on the barriers to entry for any rival company or concern attempting to enter the market place. Barriers to entry protect a monopoly and at times can even be state sponsored, via legal framework or even finance. The barriers to entry for rival firms include: Legal Ba... Legal Barriers - these take the form of legal framework where a government will only allow a producer to supply a product, for example if one considers the first class mail deliver in the United States which USPS is the only allowed deliverer. Patents - similar to legal barriers due to the legal framework that will support a holder of a patent, although this issue is debatable around the cost of research and development in the patent creation process. A certain school of thought agreeing with the patent barrier, claims government encouraged innovation incentive, whilst others will claim consumer deprivation due to excessive price fixing. Examples would be the pharmaceutical companies that hold patents on medical drugs, Pfizer who manufactures Viagra - they are the patent holders and are therefore the only company entitled to produce and sell the drug. Control of strategic resources - this would entail a holder of mineral rights or mining rights of a commodity that must be present in order to produce the end product. An example is De Beers controlling 90% of the world's diamond production (Wessels, W.J). Natural Barriers - also called economies of scale. This is related to the mere cost of establishment within a given industry. It is too expensive and capital intensive to enter the market on a profitable basis. An example of this would be the various utility companies in any given economy. One can safely deduce that monopolies will continue to exist, as long as there are governments who sponsor such activity, as well as when companies are in the position to be able to create a barrier to entry, via market power or anti competitive behavior, this in turn can be negated by anti trust regulation or competition law. The Economists vs. The

Classroom Development of Diabetes and Prevention among Nursing Research Paper

Classroom Development of Diabetes and Prevention among Nursing Students - Research Paper Example   Classroom development strategies of preventing diabetes and as a means of creating awareness of diabetes among nursing students will impact decision-making traits in the nursing students. This is since they will be involved in making of pertinent decisions that will serve as implementing strategies to curb the menace of diabetes. This is of relevance to the students since it trains them in the acquisition of skills that will be relevant in their leadership positions in the future. This is attributed to the fact that the escalating trends of risk factors to diabetes call for need to develop new strategies and program. This entails that by the nursing students developing classroom programs of diabetes prevention and awareness, they are contributing to the policies that are required to aid in reducing the prevalence of diabetes (Deshpande, et al., 2008). Policymaking process is a dire necessity in diabetes prevention programs. Consequently, it is a core requirement for any nursing s tudent who aspires to hold a managerial position in his or her career prospects. Classroom development of diabetes prevention and awareness to nursing student is a form of policymaking that the nursing students get exposed to and have the opportunity of practicing. By the nursing students developing classroom development programs, they are able to learn about the components of a policy and the relevant stakeholders in policy formation. This is of relevance to them since in their managerial posts in the nursing profession.; they will be required to formulate policies and this beginner is dire for them. Policy making in diabetes prevention and awareness programs is relevant since it teaches the nursing students of their responsibility in stimulating community action and making the community aware of the role they need to play to bring about change. Policies belong to the people upon whom they are implemented and hence theses people need to be

Ethics paper Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Ethics paper - Case Study Example I would like to provide the reasoning for that decision and would also like to point out the ethical issues that have risen for the company. The company being one of the large automobile manufacturers of the world produces two different types of vehicles, one being the SUV’s and the other being the light trucks. Of late, the company has faced issues remaining profitable for its shareholders. There are about 1,000,000 of these types of vehicles on the road and all of them having a good reputation amongst its customers. The engineers in the company have found some balancing issue in the vehicles and due to that the company had to face five law suits lately. All those law suits had to be settled amounting to $500,000 in total. To fix the balancing issue in the vehicle, it would cost $180 per vehicle after all the vehicles would be recalled. The main ethical issue that is to be considered is the knowledge of the defect in the vehicles not been conveyed to the customers. Although the company has faced five different legal proceedings, it has dealt with them with any disclosure made to the public at large. This issue of not disclosing the information to the public may cause severe damages as all the customers using the vehicles face the risk of death in an accident. This may cause the drivers of the vehicles to face severe accident which may life threatening or may cause any other disability to the drivers of the vehicles. Recall the vehicles; this would cost the company around $18,000,000 but in such a drastic period where profits have been deteriorating, the shareholders would not agree to this. This $18,000,000 would be a major cost that the company would have to bear and because of this cost the other stakeholders that might get affected are the employees. The employees would have to be paid extra for the additional work to be done, this would further upset the shareholders as the profits would further diminish and have a negative

Chinese Culture Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4500 words

Chinese Culture - Research Paper Example If in case any individual in a group is having opinion mismatch with that of the group, then the individual is expected to suppress the thoughts without disturbing the group's activities. (Pratt, D. D.1991) Such a practice could also be viewed as forcing a common thought upon everybody. But this is their culture and they have been practicing it for quite long years. We have to say that they got used to it. Now, in the recent past a TV show called "Super girls" has been commenced and succeeded as well. It is a talent reality show which brings out the talents of an individual to the sight of everybody by giving them a suitable platform. Another interesting fact about this show is that, it is the public who judge the show. They vote for their favorite star of the show and thus the winner is selected. But it is been condemned by the commentators that the Super girls show is kindling the individualistic feeling amidst the collectivism practitioners. Many have started protesting against the show fearing that the show may disturb the Chinese culture. But on the other hand the public started enjoying the entertainment. They are glad to vote for their stars. (Ding, Y. 2008) China is a country which always value team success. Simply speaking, they follow collectivism. They give much importance to group thoughts than the individual opinion. This practice is strictly followed by them in the name of culture. Chinese people have not practiced direct election. But recently the situation has changed because of the Super Girl show in China. It is condemned by the analysts that this show has initiated amidst people individualism. Let us discuss whether the show is really spreading individualism among the Chinese youths. The Chinese culture -A History Change - has been the most prominent factor characterizing the world of today. Every second of our life is changed as discoveries and inventions galore the place we live on. This kind of transformation is not new to the least. It has been a constant factor; right from man finding fire to the scientific revolution, travelling from bullock-carts to modern cars, from eating anything to standardizing the meal we take, the world has almost seen everything. Each change in turn was diversified among several groups of people based on their idealistic values, the ethical principles they followed and their welfare corresponding to their geographical region. These diversified changes slowly developed as cultural behavior of that particular group. Then there came a point where all the diversifications attained saturation. In the end, instead of these changes governing the cultural behavior, it turned out the direct opposite way where cultural behavior dominates the changes. (Songhua, F, n. d) For now, the cycle has turned again. It's almost a revolutionizing act if a person does the direct opposite of what their culture intends them to do. Chinese culture gives the Chinese people their basic identity. They have certain core values which are exclusive and consistent, and these are fashioned by a tradition of four thousand years of history and maintained by the same language as well. Considered to be one of the oldest cultures, the Chinese culture has a vast and traditional history. Several groups of p

The Contemporary Hospitality Industry Assignment - 2

The Contemporary Hospitality Industry - Assignment Example When assessing the scale of the hospitality industry, it can be observed that the sector has accomplished a momentous growth of strengthening its capital market over the past few decades. Owing to its consistent and rapid growth, the hospitality industry is also known as a major contributor for Gross National Products (GNP) today where it has been observed to play a pivotal role in encouraging regional developments along with employment opportunities. As per the recent economic performance of the industry, it has been observed that the core hospitality market has been estimated to earn an annual turnover of GBP 90 billion on an average, employing almost more than 2.4 millions of employers in its different business practices all over the world (British Hospitality Association, 2010). In relation to diversity, it can further be recognised that the hospitality industry of the present business world, has been inclined towards delivering increasingly heterogeneous services being influence d by the changing needs of people, globalisation effects and also due to the relocation or migration among different cultures. According to the present scenario, the increasing diversity within the hospitality workforce has been considered as one of its major strengths to satisfy the diverse needs of its customers (National College of Business Administration, 2009). According to the recent transformation of the hospitality industry, it has been recognised that the structure of hospitality industry involves a range of commercial, public and voluntary organisations that principally involves food and catering services along with other housekeeping and maintenance facilities.